Riyadh, Saudi Arabia – In a move signaling a potential turning point in US-Syria relations, President Donald Trump has lifted sanctions on Syria and met with its interim President, Ahmed al-Sharaa. The announcement, made on May 13, 2025, has been met with cautious optimism in Damascus, where hopes are high for economic recovery following years of conflict and sanctions.
Trump, al-Sharaa Meet in Riyadh
Trump lauded al-Sharaa during their meeting in Riyadh on May 14, urging him to normalize relations with Israel. This marks a significant shift in US policy towards Syria after years of strained relations during the Assad regime.
Syria’s Delicate Political Transition
The lifting of sanctions comes as Syria navigates a delicate political transition. Following the fall of the Assad regime, a transitional government was established on March 29, 2025, tasked with stabilizing the country and paving the way for a new era. Modern Syria gained independence from France in 1946 and experienced instability until the Ba’ath Party established a one-party state in 1963. From 1971 until 2024, the Assad family ruled Syria. The Syrian refugee crisis began in March 2011 due to a violent government crackdown on public demonstrations.
Challenges to Stability
However, the path to stability is fraught with challenges. Reports have emerged of fighters affiliated with Syria’s new Islamist leaders carrying out summary executions, primarily targeting officers from the Assad era. Furthermore, deadly clashes in Syria’s Druze areas have raised fears of widening unrest, threatening to destabilize the fragile peace. At least 35 summary executions have occurred, mainly of officers from the Assad era.
Strengthening Regional Ties
Amid these internal challenges, Syria is also seeking to strengthen regional ties. An agreement has been reached with Lebanon to cooperate economically and coordinate on security issues, potentially fostering greater stability and prosperity for both nations. Lebanon and Syria have agreed to cooperate economically and coordinate on security issues.
A Gamble for Peace
The lifting of sanctions and the summit between Trump and al-Sharaa represent a gamble on the part of the US, betting that the new Syrian government can indeed stabilize the country and become a reliable partner in the region. However, the ongoing internal conflicts and security concerns highlight the significant challenges that lie ahead, requiring careful navigation to ensure lasting peace and stability.