Syria is facing renewed instability as clashes erupt between government forces, Assad loyalists, and sectarian violence targets the Druze community. The escalating tensions have drawn international concern, with France strongly condemning the violence and calling for restraint.
French Condemnation of Sectarian Violence
On May 1, 2025, France issued a strong condemnation of the sectarian violence targeting the Druze community in areas south of Damascus. The French government urged all Syrian and regional actors to end the clashes, calling on Syrian authorities to restore calm and promote civil peace among all constituents of Syrian civil society. Additionally, France called on Israel to avoid unilateral actions that could worsen tensions in the already volatile region.
Clashes Between Government Forces and Assad Loyalists
In northwestern Syria, intense battles between government forces and loyalists of ousted President Bashar al-Assad have resulted in hundreds of casualties, including civilians. The clashes, which began between March 7 and March 8, 2025, were triggered when government forces attempted to detain a wanted person near Jableh and were subsequently ambushed by Assad loyalists.
Government forces have reported regaining control of Latakia and Tartous, but security operations are ongoing. Reinforcements have been deployed to Jableh and Baniyas to maintain security. Interim President Ahmed al-Sharaa has called on all fighters to lay down their weapons in an effort to de-escalate the conflict.
Background to the Conflict
The Syrian Civil War, which began in March 2011, was sparked by pro-democracy protests against President Bashar al-Assad’s regime, inspired by the Arab Spring. The government’s violent suppression of these protests led to a full-scale civil war between Assad’s forces and opposition militias. Factors such as high unemployment, corruption, lack of political freedom, and sectarian tensions fueled the uprising.
The conflict drew in numerous external actors, including Russia, Iran, the United States, and Turkey. In December 2024, the Assad regime fell during an offensive led by Hayat Tahrir al-Sham, leading to the formation of a transitional government.
Interim Government Struggles
Syria’s interim government faces significant challenges in maintaining order amidst the ongoing clashes. The recent violence underscores the fragility of the current situation and the difficulties in establishing stability and security in the aftermath of Assad’s ouster. The international community is closely watching as the interim government works to address the multifaceted crises facing the nation.